Jumat, 25 Desember 2009

Universidade Federal de Goias

Proxy : 200.137.204.62 Port:443

Springer and SD

Senin, 14 Desember 2009

Minggu, 13 Desember 2009

Sertoli Cell Biology (Book)

Sertoli Cell Biology

Copyright © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Author(s): Michael K. Skinner and Michael D. Griswold

ISBN: 978-0-12-647751-1

Link to Download :
http://ifile.it/qxuw24/skin_sercelbio.rar

Minggu, 06 Desember 2009

Ebsco epnet


http://search.epnet.com/login.asp

User ID : s6790720 Pwd : shahalam

Ovid Password

http://ovidsp.ovid.com/

hicr199////hicr199
hspal199////hspal199
caldas998/ucaldas4
ipaz999/mhpaz16
nay9924/sxksacmf
publice999/sonico
ohmc01/4u2cit
sur101/ramses

Sage Journal

http://online.sagepub.com
uitmlib2

welcome

Springerlink University of Malawi

springerlink.com
univmala.tb / 84068

Rabu, 02 Desember 2009

Science Direct

http://www.sciencedirect.com/
82 full-text titles found

firstmangonnovery // turpion

Jumat, 27 November 2009

New Hinari Password

Hi guys...nice to say hello again.. I am sorry don't update my password blog for along time

This is New Hinari Password

http://hinari-gw.who.int

Mor012 // 29784

Minggu, 20 September 2009

Working Hinari Password

Here is a working hinari password:

www.who.int/hinari/en

UN: nig059
PW: 19990

Minggu, 06 September 2009

New Wiley Password

http://www3.interscience.wiley.com


lacry99@gmail.com // sac567128
Roaming account of Univ South Florida
Valid until 25th September, 2009

New Hinari Password

Username ETH003
Password 284JU04

Senin, 31 Agustus 2009

Springerlink

www.springerlink.com) F4


$ s l, u7 k5 j( j/ u$ b
vjc594ct / / hcg672he

Science Direct Database

http://tinyurl.com/8fuet8
x51017620

the same SD database

Jumat, 21 Agustus 2009

Kamis, 06 Agustus 2009

Wiley Interscience Pass

http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0

riemann01@yahoo.com // passfans01

Roaming account of Univ South FloridaValid until 25th September, 2009

Minggu, 02 Agustus 2009

Cambridge Journals

http://journals.cambridge.org/action/logout


u : ksutrial

p : cambridge

Orebro University (proxy)

Proxy : 130.243.103.251 Port:3128

sd 2174 titles found

How to Use Proxy

If you used Mozilla Firefox ver 3.xx.xx, select Tools then chose Options. Then select Network then click setting and then fill HTTP proxy with proxy number (ie. 150.164.255.201) and Port with port number (ie. 3128). acces with username and password given.

UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

cache.proxy.ufmg.br:3128
150.164.255.201:3128
user:noliveira
pass:noliveira

science direct password

www.sciecedirect.com

Username : sbaa1 // password: sbaa2

Universitat Klagenfurt

Proxy : proxy.uni-klu.ac.at port : 3128

Username and Password : mensa // mensa

Better if you used firefox as your browser.


http://ub.uni-klu.ac.at/~ubcgi/cgi-bin/online_dbs/prodsys/online_dbs.pl

Wiley InterSciences

Valid until Oktober 2009, from Sydney University Library (Working, tested on 2 August 2009)

http://www3.interscience.wiley.com

Username : dr_hamo86@yahoo.com

Password : bighead


Kamis, 30 Juli 2009

Selasa, 28 Juli 2009

springerlink

www.springerlink.com

vjc594ct / / hcg672he

Recognized as:
Kharkov National University of radio electronics (387-53-114)
1159/1 Ukraine. FULLTEXT ACCESS WILL BE CLOSED IN DEC. CONTACT YOUR LIBRARY. (226-00-188)
Akita University (739-69-596)

HINARI PASSWORD

user name wba018
pass word 21422

Sabtu, 18 Juli 2009

HINARI PASSWORD

Username bfa002 Password 51058

Kamis, 16 Juli 2009

Oklahoma City University

http://ezproxy.okcu.edu:2048/menu
tlarsen.stu/mak41581

Pfeiffer University

http://doris.pfeiffer.edu:2048/login
username: djackman
password: 5070

a lot off journal data base in this elibrary..please check it out...

Rabu, 15 Juli 2009

HINARI PASSWORD

http://hinari-gw.who.int


ban016 // 42686

Senin, 06 Juli 2009

Wiley InterSciences

http://www3.interscience.wiley.com

UserID : kingscollege
Pass : kings

login as Institutional Login....

Senin, 22 Juni 2009

Books on line

http://www.addebook.com/biomed/page/5?s=molecular


many books online expecially in biology molecular and medicine.

http://dir.im/

http://dir.im


download many things from rapidshare, 4shared etc....

Proxy for Universidade da Beira Interior

Code:
http://webx.ubi.pt/~biblio/biblio.php#bibliotecas
proxy : 193.136.65.251
port : 3128

Minggu, 21 Juni 2009

SUNY College of Optometry [EZ]

http://ares.sunyopt.edu:2048/menu
user1400/JennDann

Databases : (tested on 22 June 09)

Annals of Internal Medicine
AltaVista
Encyclopedia Britannica
Ethnic Newswatch
FirstSearch
Searchbank
SilverPlatter
Academic Medicine
American Journal of Public Health
Annual Reviews
Archives of Internal Medicine
Archives of Ophtalmology
Archives of Neurology
Archives of Ophthalmology
Annals of Internal Medicine
APS Journals
Associations Unlimited
Blackwell Synergy
Brain
British Journal of Visual Impairment
British Medical Journal
British Journal of Ophthalmology
BJO Online - British Journal of Ophthalmology
Cambridge Journals Online
Clinical and Experimental Optometry
Cognition
Dekker - Journal of Toxicology
Digital Journal of Ophthalmology
Dialog@CARL
The DOI System
EBSCO Electronic Journal Service
EBSCO Open URL
EBSCOhost
European Journal of Ophthalmology
Eye Magazine
FirstSearch - WorldCat Collection Analysis
Heldref Publications Online
The Highwire Press - Stanford University
Hospital & Health Networks Online
Investigative Ophthalmology & Vision Science
InformaWorld
Ingenta
IngentaConnect
Ingenta Connect - OpenURL
IngentaSelect
Illuminating Engineering Society of North America
JAMA
JAMIA
Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law
Journal of NeuroScience
Journal of Physiology
JSTOR
JSTOR - Journal Storage Archive
Kluwer Online
Metapress - Scholarly Content Host
Molecular Vision
Nature - Nature Publishing Group
Nature - Nature Publishing Group
Nature - Nature Publishing Group
NetLibrary
Neurology - Official Journal of the American Academy of Neurology
Neuron
Ophthalmology
OCLC Open WorldCat Program
Pediatrics
PerceptionWeb
Pharmacological Reviews
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Proquest Online Library
Public Health Reports
Review of Optometry Online
SpringerLink North America - Science Publisher
SpringerLink - Science Publisher
The FASEB Journal
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Cell Biology
The Journal of Nutrition
The New England Journal of Medicine
The World Health Organization
Other Optometry Journals
Science Direct
Science Magazine
Ovid SP Gateway
Ovid SP Gateway UT
Ovid SP
Ovid's Silverplatter
PubMed
Library Electronic Journal
FirstSearch
ArticleFirst
ECO
WorldCat
Book Request Form
Article Request Form
Atomic Learning
VisionCite - Illinois College of Optometry

Roosevelt University Ezproxy

http://ezproxy.roosevelt.edu:2048/menu

23311987654321

a sci direct codeen proxy ,Greece Ioannina university

Greece Ioannina university
195.130.121.205:3128

Rabu, 17 Juni 2009

New Hinari Password

http://hinari-gw.who.int/en

nep004// 12171 (working tested on June, 18 - 2009)

Senin, 15 Juni 2009

MONTCLAIR STATE UNIVERSITY

http://ezproxy.montclair.edu:2048/menu
& Q m$ U$ K+ E: y4 e( }8 M _9 Fpassfans
Username:keithg1
# r8 x0 o8 d+ @! u6 \passfans.comPassword:tripod33

Minggu, 14 Juni 2009

MD CONSULT PW

http://www.mdconsult.com

UNNE-181///addition
passfans.com/ r0 k& U, v# S

Library of Palestine Polytechnic University (PPU)

Databases
& [0 h9 p# |7 w& e9 gpassfans.comScienceDirect(400 title of journals)passfans+ N5 C4 y1 s; ]* Z( D5 s! _8 e
ACM Portal ( full)www.passfans.com7 T: w+ W+ H$ Q* f
CAMBRIDGE JOURNALS ONLINE (CJO)
( n9 |2 O2 r ^% w/ Owww.passfans.comInstitute of Physics Journals (IOP)passfans.com0 I( Q# K5 e) f) m5 Z: ?) s) D; d
BioOne's (BioOne.1 and BioOne.2)
5 c& r ^5 ?. p p$ |passfans.comOxford Reference Online
# V, A* R+ D1 @6 {) @+ I0 s$ F8 xpassfans.comOXFORD ENGLISH DICTIONARY ONLINEwww.passfans.com9 a& k5 @) u) W/ p6 q* g. R
American Mathematical Society Databases (AMS) trial

http://ezproxy.ppu.edu:8080/login

9 B Q2 y+ k' D5 [* z4 bwww.passfans.compassword and userid : palestine /// palestine
passfans.com4 T1 M+ D6 q4 b: p& i! O8 A. [

Kamis, 11 Juni 2009

EBSCOHOST PW FULL

userid: usuarios password: recu6721

Marshall University EZ Proxy

http://ezproxy.marshall.edu:2048/login

901070550 //0923 passfans.com t& H3 l/ Y6 B1 w# N6 Z$ h( b

Selasa, 09 Juni 2009

University of North Dakota

http://undmedlibrary.org/databasesg6 J3 T' l" V& k6 z* s' U- P4 T

134.129.3.87:3128ezproxy| password| forum| bbs| clave| vpn| proxy| ebooks|rapidshare % X! F2 W& G0 n8 B# l% |8 J9 m

2 U: H1 E% R" {proxy:134.129.3.87
$ S3 a# D/ H% q) @2 ~passfans3 T% p2 m$ H) M
port:3128

Jumat, 05 Juni 2009

Cambridge Journals

http://journals.cambridge.org/action/login
/ d0 L$ |6 e1 _2 T- I4 Nezproxy| password| forum| bbs| clave| vpn| proxy| ebooks|rapidshare
puluking / 11630

Seoul National University

http://library.snu.ac.kr/Eng/SearchResult.jsp
, Q( N( D9 ~2 C7 F4 \ f% L# y8 g
# ~1 q" o% m# Pezproxy| password| forum| bbs| clave| vpn| proxy| ebooks|rapidshare ieee-sd-wiley-springer-aiaa-aip-acm

Proxy : 147.46.7.54 Port : 8088

Would be better if you used Firefox (Mozilla).


ezproxy| password| forum| bbs| clave| vpn| proxy| ebooks|rapidshare / p4 k4 B/ a* ~8 \ A! a" Z2 F% [
passfans.com5 a$ [: q2 G+ ^- @, P! ?: o

SIRS Databases

http://ars.sirs.com/


Username: CA4716Hpassfans4 U$ W0 t/ ]3 e- l( C
Password: 90277
passfans.com! r$ {/ l$ o0 z: c

science direct password

www.sciencedirect.com

user: jeanchristophefavier
pw : legouest

Kamis, 04 Juni 2009

6000 sci-ebooks collection

[A-D] http://rapidshare.com/users/WIUSX5passfans.com7 p, {# G0 N! l( e2 t- o6 }5 H+ H* t
[E-H] http://rapidshare.com/users/XDDUZWezproxy| password| forum| bbs| clave| vpn| proxy| ebooks|rapidshare , `' p, C' r- s( A H
[I-L] http://rapidshare.com/users/51EW5Tpassfans* ~- w# N; p: c1 ~- f
[M-P] http://rapidshare.com/users/J5GWNC
1 R3 M V4 I# l5 }passfans.com[Q-T] http://rapidshare.com/users/WMKQQ8
7 y& Q, M G& o0 s* {passfans.com[U-Z] http://rapidshare.com/users/I3D6SZwww.passfans.com* I2 l% Y7 M2 v. m6 x+ f" v" ~
PASSWORD (if needed):passfans.com a" v1 A# J B
http://meetscience.wordpress.com/

! p8 Q/ q% d# z! {/ V1 dpassfans

HINARI PASSWORD

www.hinari-gw.who.int/

name : eth066www.passfans.com; l- |3 N9 b4 C, J% g
passfans* o2 I& ]" V- J4 O! [' x" C
pass : 64237

Senin, 01 Juni 2009

3 NETLIBRARY account, 59,894 ebooks

www.netlibrary.com

d28814138 / netlibrary
d28814131 /netlibrary
d28814132 / netlibrary (All working tested on 3 July 09)

d28226861//netlibrary (not working)
$ {8 z- m; K8 _7 w7 F% Jpassfans.comd28226862//netlibrary t( S) M/ {" o4 G/ F% n6 x
d28226863//netlibrary

7 N! J# L$ t( Iwww.passfans.com

Minggu, 17 Mei 2009

Cell Biology: A Laboratory Handbook, Four-Volume Set

Title: Cell Biology: A Laboratory Handbook, Four-Volume Set

Author(s): Julio E., Ed Celis

Publisher: Elsevier

ISBN: 0121647307

Publication: 2006

Pages: 2500

Description: This four-volume laboratory manual contains comprehensive state-of-the-art protocols essential for research in the life sciences. Techniques are presented in a friendly step-by-step fashion, providing useful tips and potential pitfalls. The important steps and results are beautifully illustrated for further ease of use. This collection enables researchers at all stages of their careers to embark on basic biological problems using a variety of technologies and model systems.

CBALH_www.bioXplorer.com.rar

File Password: www.bioXplorer.com (MyPersonalContent v1.0 © Rico Pinzke)


HINARI PASSWORD

More password for Fulltext Journal (Sciencedirect, SpringerLink, Wiley InterScience, Nature, Sciences etc)

http://tinyurl.com/5jfoo9

User ID : yem005
Password : % r8 y8 l& ]9 q8 P" Y' b' o9 \www.passfans.com 38673
. G2 G, X& H$ c, [: spassfans.com
User ID : PER131
Password : 76711

www.passfans.com7 P( M, `. s; W* c

Molecular Biology Methods Books

Molecular Biology Methods Books

http://rapidshare.com/files/58795488/201_Combinatorial_Library.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58796259/202_Thyroid_Hormone_Receptors.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58798219/203_In_Situ_Detection_of_DNA_Damage.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58798977/204_Molecular_Cytogenetics__Protocols_and_Applications.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/53272920/MMB.Vol.205_E.coli_Gene_Expression_Protocols.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/58799168/206_Peptide_Research.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58799709/207_Recombinant_Antibodies_for_Cancer_Therapy.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58800101/208_Peptide_Nucleic_Acids.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58800297/209_Transgenic_Mouse_Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58805217/210_MHC_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58805702/211_Protein_Sequencing_Protocols__2nd.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58806032/212_Single_Nucleotide_Polymorphisms.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58806326/213_Capillary_electrophoresis_of_carbohydrates.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58806845/214_Superantigen_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58807339/215_Cytokine_and_colony_stimulating_factors__2002_MMB_.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58807685/216_PCR_Detection_of_Microbial_Pathogens.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58808142/217_Neurogenetics__Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58808754/218_Cancer_Cell_Signaling_Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58809150/219_Cardiac_Cell_and_Gene_Transfer.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58809469/220_Cancer_Cytogenetics.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58810340/221_Generation_of_cDNA_Libraries.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58810737/222_Turmor_Suppressor_Genes_1.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58811422/223_Tumor_Suppressor_Genes_2.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58812090/225_Inflammation_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58813179/226_PCR_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58813768/227_Membrane_Transporters__Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58814305/228_Membrane_Protein_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58814893/229_Lentivirus_gene_engineering.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58815807/230_Directed_Enzyme_Evolution_-_Screening_and_Selection_Methods.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58816206/231_Directed_Evolution_Library_Creation.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58816605/232_Protein_Misfolding_and_Disease.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58817409/233_Protein_Kinase_C_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58817623/234_p53_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58818037/235_E.coli_plasmid_vectors.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58818622/236_Plant_Functional_Genomics.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58818792/237_G_Protein_Signaling.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58819215/238_Biopolymer_Methods_in_Tissue_Engineering.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58819804/239_Cell_migration_in_inflammation_and_immunity.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58820195/240_Mammalian_Artificial_Chromosomes_Methods_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58820499/241_Cell_cycle_checkpoint_control.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58821051/242_Atomic_Force_Microscopy_Methods.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58821744/243_Chiral_Separations_Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58821948/244_Protein_Purification_Protocols_2_Edition.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58822277/245_Gene_Delivery_To_Mammalian_Cells_-_1.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58822897/246_Gene_Delivery_To_Mammalian_Cells_-_2.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58823356/247_Drosophila_Cytogenetics.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58823827/248_Antibody_Engineering__Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58824013/249_Cytokine_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58824671/250_MAP_Kinase_Signaling_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58825185/251_HPLC_of_Peptides_and_Proteins_Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59455801/252_Ribozymes_and_siRNA_Protocols_2_Edition.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/58826635/253_Cerm_Cell_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/58828670/254_Germ_Cell_Protocols_-_2.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59415695/255_Bacterial_Artificial_Chromosomes_-_1.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59433909/256_Bacterial_Artificial_Chromosomes_-_2..pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59434086/257_mARN_Processing_and_Metabolism.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59434367/258_Gene_Expression_Profiling_Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59434519/259_Receptor_Signal_Transduction_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59434654/260_Mobile_Genetic_Elements_-__Protocols_and_Genomic_Applications.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59434919/261_Protein_Protein_Interactions.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59435168/262_Genetic_Recombination.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/53273485/MMB.Vol.263_Flow_Cytometry_Protocols.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/59435822/264_Protein_Arrays_Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59436076/265_RNA_Interference__Editing__and_Modification.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59436321/266_Genomics__Proteomics_and_Clinical_Bacteriology.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59436970/267_Recombinant_Gene_Expression_Reviews_and_Protocols_2_Edition_.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59437426/268_Public_Health_Microbiology_Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59456043/269_Vaccinia_Virus_and_Poxvirology.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/59437809/270_Parasite_Genomics_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59438256/271_B_Cell_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59438639/272_Platelets_and_Megakaryocytes_-_Functional_Assays_.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59439167/273_Platelets_and_Megakaryocytes_-_2.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59439641/274_Photosynthesis_Research_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59440339/275_Chemoinformatics-Concepts_Methods_and_Tools_for_Drug_Discovery.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59440566/276_Capillary_Electrophoresis_of_Proteins_and_Peptides.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59440859/277_Trinucleotide_Repeat_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59447297/278_Protein_NMR_Techniques.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/59441360/279_Nitric_Oxide_Protocols_2E.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59441507/280_Checkpoint_Controls_and_Cancer_Vol-1.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59441698/281_Checkpoint_Controls_and_Cancer_Vol-2.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59441885/282_Apoptosis_Methods_And_Protocols.djvu
http://rapidshare.com/files/59442260/283_Bioconjugation_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59442357/284_Signal_Transduction.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59442709/285_Cell_Cycle_Control_and_Dysregulation_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59443096/286_Transgenic_Plants_Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59443498/287_Epigenetics_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59444106/288_Oligonucleotide_Synthesis_Methods_and_Applications.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59444708/289_Epidermal_Cells_Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59445349/290_Basic_Cell_Culture_3_Edition.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59445818/291_Molecular_Toxicology_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59446393/292_DNA_Viruses_Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59446931/293_Laser_Capture_Microdissection.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59447861/294_Cell_Migration-Developmental_Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59448346/295_Immunochemical_Protocols_3_Edition.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59449051/296_Cell_Cycle_Control_Mechanisms_and_Protocols_Methods_in_Molecular_Biology.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59449456/297_Carracedo_Forensic_DNA_Typing_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59449781/298_Peptide_Synthesis_and_Applications.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59451329/299_Amyloid_Proteins_Methods_and_Protocols.pdf
http://rapidshare.com/files/59452336/300_Protein_Nanotechnology.pdf

Jumat, 15 Mei 2009

Marshall University Login

Marshall Login

userid //birthdate :
901076106/ 0110 (password. Tested working on may 15, 2009)

MetaFind
360 Search
Abc-clio: America: History & Life
CSA - Biological Sciences
EBSCOhost
EBSCOhost
PsycCRITIQUES
Bigchalk
CSA - Internet database Service
CSA Illumina
Catchword
African American Biographical Database
Emerald
International Index to Music Periodicals
ChoiceReviews.online
Com Abstracts
Com Index
Dissertation Abstracts(FirstSearch)
EBSCOHost Databases
Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts
ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials
EBSCO Electronic Journals (EbscoOnline)
Ebsco LinkSource
ebrary
ERIC (EbscoHost)
FirstSearch
Geological Society of America
Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
Human Relations Area Files (HRAF)
Journals on EBSCO Online: Full Text MU journal subscriptions online
JSTOR
Juvenile and Family Law Digest
MIT Press
SpringerLink(Kluwer)
MARCIVE WEB DOCS for US Government Publications
EbscoHost – PsycArticles
Music Index, CINAHL, Consumer Health Complete, Points of View
WebSpirs - Criminal Justice Abstracts
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Oxford Music Online
ProQuest – CINAHL
ProQuest Direct
OmniFile Select ‘94-present
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EBSCOHost - Psychological and Behavioral Science Collection
EBSCOHost - PsycINFO
EbscoHost Academic Search Premier
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Science Direct Web
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Wiley InterScience
WilsonWeb - Biographies Plus Fulltext /Index to Legal Periodicals /Essay & Literature Index
Journal of High Energy Physics
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American Journal of Physics
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Jumat, 08 Mei 2009

Bioelectricity Promises More 'Miles Per Acre' Than Ethanol


ScienceDaily (May 8, 2009) — Biofuels such as ethanol offer an alternative to petroleum for powering our cars, but growing energy crops to produce them can compete with food crops for farmland, and clearing forests to expand farmland will aggravate the climate change problem. How can we maximize our "miles per acre" from biomass?

Researchers writing in the online edition of the journal Science on May 7 say the best bet is to convert the biomass to electricity, rather than ethanol. They calculate that, compared to ethanol used for internal combustion engines, bioelectricity used for battery-powered vehicles would deliver an average of 80% more miles of transportation per acre of crops, while also providing double the greenhouse gas offsets to mitigate climate change.

"It's a relatively obvious question once you ask it, but nobody had really asked it before," says study co-author Chris Field, director of the Department of Global Ecology at the Carnegie Institution. "The kinds of motivations that have driven people to think about developing ethanol as a vehicle fuel have been somewhat different from those that have been motivating people to think about battery electric vehicles, but the overlap is in the area of maximizing efficiency and minimizing adverse impacts on climate."

Field, who is also a professor of biology at Stanford University and a senior fellow at Stanford's Woods Institute for the Environment, is part of a research team that includes lead author Elliott Campbell of the University of California, Merced, and David Lobell of Stanford's Program on Food Security and the Environment. The researchers performed a life-cycle analysis of both bioelectricity and ethanol technologies, taking into account not only the energy produced by each technology, but also the energy consumed in producing the vehicles and fuels. For the analysis, they used publicly available data on vehicle efficiencies from the US Environmental Protection Agency and other organizations.

Bioelectricity was the clear winner in the transportation-miles-per-acre comparison, regardless of whether the energy was produced from corn or from switchgrass, a cellulose-based energy crop. For example, a small SUV powered by bioelectricity could travel nearly 14,000 highway miles on the net energy produced from an acre of switchgrass, while a comparable internal combustion vehicle could only travel about 9,000 miles on the highway. (Average mileage for both city and highway driving would be 15,000 miles for a biolelectric SUV and 8,000 miles for an internal combustion vehicle.)

"The internal combustion engine just isn't very efficient, especially when compared to electric vehicles," says Campbell. "Even the best ethanol-producing technologies with hybrid vehicles aren't enough to overcome this."

The researchers found that bioelectricity and ethanol also differed in their potential impact on climate change. "Some approaches to bioenergy can make climate change worse, but other limited approaches can help fight climate change," says Campbell. "For these beneficial approaches, we could do more to fight climate change by making electricity than making ethanol."

The energy from an acre of switchgrass used to power an electric vehicle would prevent or offset the release of up to 10 tons of CO2 per acre, relative to a similar-sized gasoline-powered car. Across vehicle types and different crops, this offset averages more than 100% larger for the bioelectricity than for the ethanol pathway. Bioelectricity also offers more possibilities for reducing greenhouse gas emissions through measures such as carbon capture and sequestration, which could be implemented at biomass power stations but not individual internal combustion vehicles.

While the results of the study clearly favor bioelectricity over ethanol, the researchers caution that the issues facing society in choosing an energy strategy are complex. "We found that converting biomass to electricity rather than ethanol makes the most sense for two policy-relevant issues: transportation and climate," says Lobell. "But we also need to compare these options for other issues like water consumption, air pollution, and economic costs."

"There is a big strategic decision our country and others are making: whether to encourage development of vehicles that run on ethanol or electricity," says Campbell. "Studies like ours could be used to ensure that the alternative energy pathways we chose will provide the most transportation energy and the least climate change impacts."

This research was funded through a grant from the Stanford University Global Climate and Energy Project, with additional support from the Stanford University Food Security and Environment Project, The University of California at Merced, the Carnegie Institution for Science, and a NASA New Investigator Grant. .